Crane Safety - How to Be Prepared Before You Rig the Load

Cranes are undeniably helpful in the workplace.raised and lowered. This changes the "Boom
They can lift enormous amounts of weight andAngle". Special emphasis on the setup of Boom
make jobs quicker and more efficient. However,Cranes can greatly reduce accidents. The most
because of their enormous power they are alsoimportant thing about a Boom Crane is that it is
extremely dangerous. If a load drops there islevel or it could cause severe structural damage
almost no way to stop it or warn other workersand even tip over. Many Boom Cranes have
to get out of the say. The resulting damage canoutriggers (legs that extend and keep it level).
result in serious injury and even death. 90% ofMake sure they are on solid ground and keep the
crane accidents involve human error, so thecrane absolutely level. A bubble level on the base
proper preparation and training is crucial. Byof the boom is a simple procedure to make sure
learning how to work Cranes safety, possiblethe crane is level. When setting up a lift with a
accidents can be greatly avoided.Boom Crane always use a load chart so you
Before operating a crane workers need to takeknow the weight capacities for all the lifting angles.
note of the Crane's characteristics including theEvery Boom Crane has its own load chart. One
Crane's weight, is the Host Rope rated for thecopy is attached to the crane and one copy is
load, is the load getting attached correctly?held by the supervisor.
Knowing this basic information gets the workerJib Cranes such as a Wall Crane or a
prepared to operate the crane safely.Hammerhead Crane share many characteristics
There are many types of cranes but industrialwith Boom Cranes. They also have an arm which
cranes are the most powerful and dangeroussuspends the hoist Rope, Block and Hook. Jib
type of crane and the mental aspects ofCranes have an arm which suspends the Hoist
operating a crane cannot be ignored. 90% ofRope, Block and Hook. However, unlike most
Crane-related accidents are caused by humanBoom Cranes, a Jib Crane can not be adjusted
error so the right attitude, hard work and basicfor angle if it is locked in a horizontal position.
knowledge are essential. An accident could kill youBefore starting a Jib Crane lift, inspect the Crane
or someone else, so the serious nature offor bent supports or misalignment. Make sure that
mentally preparing yourself cannot be overstated.you know the range of motion of the Jib Arm. Be
Most accidents that occur are caused by poorsure that you know where the Emergency Stop
judgment, lack of attention or overconfidence.Button and the Overload Indicators are located.
Run down a mental checklist before you begin.The third major type of Crane is the "Overhead
Ask yourself is you are physically and mentallyCrane". An Overhead Crane, such as a Gantry
prepared to work with the machine. If you areCrane, carries its load along a bridge. It is attached
taking medication ask your doctor or pharmacistto a building's walls, or to supports running up
if it could affect your performance. Also, askfrom the ground. Before using an Overhead
yourself if you are emotional prepared. Are youCrane, make sure that the "End Stops" and
angry, upset and more prone to make hasty"Bumpers" are secure and functioning properly.
decisions?These devices prevent the Crane from running
Being prepared also involves wearing protectiveoff the end of its rails and reduce the impact
clothing and equipment including steel-toed safetywhen a Crane reaches its End Stops. You should
shoes, a hard hat and safety glasses to helpalso test the "Trolley" (the moving portion of the
protect against falling objects. A tucked in, longCrane). Make sure that it can travel the full
sleeve shirt is also essential.distance of the bridge without problems. Try the
Once you are physically and mentally ready forbrakes to be sure that they work as well.
the job you need to inspect the Crane and theOn any crane, the weight capacity limits should be
area where you will be working. Look for smallchecked before using and you should be aware of
leaks, clear the space away around the crane sothe safety devices that all cranes have. There are
that nothing is in the way and check the cranetwo kinds of devices -general Safety Devices and
itself. Test the fluid levels, controls and brakesoperational safety devices. General devices include
while listening for unusual noises. Also, it's verybells and warning lights. Operational Safety
important to check the Limit Switches that cutDevices monitor and control the handling capacity
off power at the end of a crane's range ofof the Crane and include overload Indicators,
motion and the hook to make sure it's in perfectemergency stop buttons and limit switches.
working order and right for the job.Now you are ready to rig the load.
There are three basic categories of cranes andBeing completely prepared mentally, physically and
each has its own characteristics.emotionally to operate a crane is essential. Before
Boom Cranes such as Tower Cranes and Truckyou are ready to rig the load there are a number
Cranes are the most complicated and requireof steps that need to be undertaken. Do you
rigorous training and qualification before usingtake these steps lightly - your own safety and
them. Boom Cranes have an arm which can bethe safety of your co-workers depend on it.